The biosynthesis of amylase and collagenase, produced by A. acidocaldarius and A. sendaiensis respectively, were studied, and different matrices evaluated for the microorganisms immobilization and enzymes production optimization, such as loofa sponge, alginate-sponge and alginate, followed by concentration through ultrafiltration. Using a wheat bran substrate, the amylase enzyme displayed enzymatic activity of 0.45 U mL-1 and optimum temperature and pH conditions of 75 °C and pH 3.0, respectively. Thermal stability was in the range of 55 to 60 °C. The apparent Km and Vmax were 3.2 mg mL-1 and 0.5 U mL-1, respectively. The production of collagenase by A. sendaiensis was carried out with potato dextrose broth substrate and the activity obtained was 7.2 U mL-1. For amylase, the best results were obtained from immobilization in loofa sponge and the use of ultrafiltration (0.67 U mL-1) and for the collagenase extract, from the free biomass and ultrafiltration (13.6 U mL-1). The use of an ultrafiltration system enabled an average increase of 54% in the activity of both enzymes. Therefore, Alicyclobacillus are capable of producing enzymes of industrial interest, with the possibility of economically viable application of the substrate, and the use of immobilization and ultrafiltration produced positive results.

Os herbicidas representam 65% do consumo geral, sendo que o S-Metolachlor é um dos mais utilizados e está trazendo preocupações ambientais. Objetivamos detectar a degradação do S-Metolachlor por microorganismos de solos sob plantio. Foram identificadas as espécies bacterianas: Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae GC s.B linhagem 1, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Enterobacter aerogenes GC s.A e Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae GC s.B linhagem 2. Resultados da curva de crescimento por espectrofotometria não permitiram definir diferentes fases, levando a pensar em uma fase Lag longa. Frascos de cultura demonstraram a formação de biofilme, provocando mudança na cor do herbicida, interferindo na leitura do crescimento. É possível a existência de fase Log, mas não detectável pelo método. Após 5 dias de incubação a 35ºC, a diferença média de concentração do S-Metolachlor foi de 14.42%, e em 10 dias, 35.01%. Observou-se o aparecimento de um halo em volta das colônias, o que corrobora a hipótese de degradação microbiana do herbicida.

The aim of this work was to study herbicide degradation through selected microorganisms from humus and soil subjected to different plantation systems. The following bacterial species were identified: Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae GC s.B strain 1, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Enterobacter aerogenes GC s.A and Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae GC s.B strain 2. Growth studies yet suggested the possibility of a very long lag phase. Although, culture with the herbicide presented biofilm formation and there were color changes in the herbicide that could have interfered with the espectrophotometry readings. After 5 days of incubation at 35ºC, the difference in the concentration of herbicide was 14.42% on average and after 10 days, 35.01%.